AT_arc217_b [ARC217B] Not High Element
Description
You are given integers $ N,K $ and an integer sequence $ A=(A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_K) $ of length $ K $ . It is guaranteed that each element of $ A $ is between $ 1 $ and $ N $ , inclusive, and all elements are distinct.
For a permutation $ P=(P_1,P_2,\ldots,P_N) $ of $ (1,2,\ldots,N) $ , define $ f(P) $ as follows.
- The maximum number of times the following operation can be performed on $ P $ .
- Choose $ 2\le i\le N $ satisfying $ P_i < \max(P_1,P_2,\ldots,P_{i-1}) $ , and move $ P_i $ to the front. That is, replace $ P $ with $ (P_i,P_1,P_2,\ldots,P_{i-1},P_{i+1},\ldots,P_N) $ .
There are $ (N-K)! $ permutations $ P $ of $ (1,2,\ldots,N) $ satisfying $ P_i=A_i $ for $ i=1,2,\ldots,K $ . Find the sum, modulo $ 998244353 $ , of $ f(P) $ over all such permutations.
You are given $ T $ test cases; solve each of them.
Input Format
The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
> $ T $ $ \text{case}_1 $ $ \text{case}_2 $ $ \vdots $ $ \text{case}_T $
Each test case is given in the following format:
> $ N $ $ K $ $ A_1 $ $ A_2 $ $ \ldots $ $ A_K $
Output Format
Output the answer for the test cases in order, separated by newlines.
Explanation/Hint
### Sample Explanation 1
Consider the first test case.
The permutations $ P $ of $ (1,2,\ldots,N) $ satisfying $ P_i=A_i $ for $ i=1,2,\ldots,K $ are $ P=(1,2,3) $ and $ P=(1,3,2) $ , giving two permutations.
When $ P=(1,2,3) $ , no operation can be performed, so $ f(P)=0 $ .
When $ P=(1,3,2) $ , the operation can be performed twice as follows.
- Choose $ i=3 $ . Now $ P=(2,1,3) $ .
- Choose $ i=2 $ . Now $ P=(1,2,3) $ .
The operation cannot be performed three or more times, so $ f(P)=2 $ in this case.
Thus, the answer is $ 0+2=2 $ .
### Constraints
- $ 1\le T\le 10^5 $
- $ 1\le K\le N $
- The sum of $ N $ over all test cases is at most $ 5\times 10^5 $ .
- $ 1\le A_i\le N $
- All elements of $ A $ are distinct.
- All input values are integers.