P6020 [Ynoi2010] Exponential tree
Description
Given $n, k$, you need to construct a matrix $A_{i,j}$ that only contains $0$ and $1$, where $0\le i,j\le n$, satisfying:
1. $A_{i,i}=1$.
2. $A_{i,i+1}=1$.
3. For $i>j$, $A_{i,j}=0$.
4. If $A_{i,j}=1$ and $j-i>1$, then there exists $i1$. Let there be $m$ such pairs $(i,j)$.
If your output does not meet the requirements, you cannot get any score for that test point. If your output meets the requirements, then it will be scored based on $m$.
Input Format
One line with two integers $n, k$.
Output Format
The first line contains an integer $m$. The next $m$ lines each contain two integers $i, j$, representing each pair $(i,j)$ that satisfies $A_{i,j}=1$ and $j-i>1$, in order.
Explanation/Hint
For $100\%$ of the testdata, $1900\le n\le 2000$ and $2\le k\le 15$.
| $k$ | $f(n,k)$ |
| ---- | -------- |
| 2 | 7.987 |
| 3 | 3.8085 |
| 4 | 2.396 |
| 5 | 1.961 |
| 6 | 1.6065 |
| 7 | 1.451 |
| 8 | 1.2535 |
| 9 | 1.1975 |
| 10 | 1.099 |
| 11 | 1.07 |
| 12 | 1.034 |
| 13 | 1.0115 |
| 14 | 1.001 |
| 15 | 0.994 |
Each $2\le k\le 15$ corresponds to a subtask with total score $s(k)$. The score of each subtask is the minimum score among all test points in that subtask.
For each test point, the score equals the subtask's total score multiplied by $\max\left(0,1-\sqrt{\max\left(0,\frac{m}{n\cdot f(k)}-1\right)}\right)$.
Translated by ChatGPT 5