T661244 [SWERC 2020] Figurines
Description
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Bob has a lot of mini figurines. He likes to display some of them on a
shelf above his computer screen and he likes to regularly change which
figurines appear. This ever-changing decoration is really enjoyable.
Bob takes care of never adding the same mini figurine more than
once. Bob has only $N$ mini figurines and after $N$ days he arrives at
the point where each of the $N$ figurines have been added and then
removed from the shelf (which is thus empty).
Bob has a very good memory. He is able to remember which mini
figurines were displayed on each of the past days.
So Bob wants to run a little mental
exercise to test its memory and computation ability. For this purpose,
Bob numbers his figurines with the numbers $0, \dots, N-1$ and selects
a sequence of $N$ integers $d_0 \dots d_{N-1}$ all in the range
$[0;N]$. Then, Bob computes a sequence $x_0,\dots, x_N$ in the
following way: $x_0=0$ and $x_{i+1}=(x_i+y_i)\text{ mod } N$
where $\text{mod}$ is the modulo operation and $y_i$ is the number of
figurines displayed on day $d_i$ that have a number higher or equal to
$x_i$. The result of Bob's computation is $x_N$.
More formally, if we note $S(i)$ the subset of $\{0,\dots,N-1\}$ corresponding
to figurines displayed on the shelf on day $i$, we have:
- $S(0)$ is the empty set;
- $S(i)$ is obtained from $S(i-1)$ by inserting and removing some elements.
Each element $0 \le j < N$ is inserted and removed exactly once and
thus, the last set $S(N)$ is also the empty set. The computation that
Bob performs corresponds to the following program:
$$
\begin{array}{l}
x_0 \leftarrow 0 \\
\text{for } i \in [0;N-1] \\
\;\;\;\;\;\;\; x_{i+1} \leftarrow (x_i + \#\{y \in S(d_i) ~\text{ such that } ~ y \ge x_i\}) \mod N \\
\text{output } x_N
\end{array}
$$
Bob asks you to verify his computation. For that he gives you the
numbers he used during its computation (the $d_0, \dots, d_{N-1}$) as
well as the log of which figurines he added or removed every day. Note
that a mini figurine added on day $i$ and removed on day $j$ is
present on a day $k$ when $i\leq k < j$. You should tell him the
number that you found at the end of the computation.
Input Format
The input is composed of $2N+1$ lines.
- The first line contains the integer $N$.
- Lines $2$ to $N+1$ describe the figurines added and removed.
Line $i+1$ contains space-separated $+j$ or $-j$,
with $0 \le j < N$, to indicate that $j$ is added or removed on day
$i$. This line may be empty. A line may contain both $+j$
and $-j$, in that order.
- Lines $N+2$ to $2N+1$ describe the sequence $d_0,\dots, d_{N-1}$.
Line $N+2+i$ contains the integer $d_i$ with $0 \le d_i \le N$.
**Limits**
- $1 \le N \le 100\,000$
Output Format
The output should contain a single line with a single integer which is $x_N$.
Explanation/Hint
**Sample Explanation**
The output is $2$ since
- first, $x \leftarrow 2$ since $S(1) = \{ 0, 2 \}$ and $\#\{y \in S(1)
~\text{such that}~ y \ge 0\} = 2$;
- then, $x \leftarrow 0$ since $S(2) = \{ 1, 2 \}$ and $\#\{y \in S(2)
~\text{such that}~ y \ge 2\} = 1$;
- and finally, $x \leftarrow 2$ since $S(2) = \{ 1, 2 \}$ and $\#\{y \in
S(2) ~\text{such that}~ y \ge 0\} = 2$.